BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION What would break the back of Jim Crow America? What role did education play in the movement to desgregate America?
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Using the the links provided, analyze the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education. Cut and paste the information below into a new entry on your Unit 8 Online Notebook.
BASIC FACTS OF THE CASES (more than one) (check video, Link 1, Link 2, Link 3) Make a bulleted list of the basic facts of the cases brought to the Supreme Court
School segregation was determined locally, but only for elementary schools
Buses and railroads were not segregated, but other facilities were
in December 1952, Kansas, Delaware, the District of Columbia, South Carolina, and Virginia all had cases against segregated public schools-they argued that the segregation violated the 14th amendment
in Brown v. Board of Education: African American parents and local activists challenged Topeka's policy of segregated schooling. this was led by Mckinley Burnett. The African American parents, assembled by the local NAACP, enrolled their kids in white schools and we all denied, so they filed a law suit
although there were many cases, it was all named after Oliver Brown because Brown came first in the alphabet
It was not the first challenge to school segregation
There is also the Briggs v. Elliot case: DeLaine convinced African American parents to join the NAACP. The Court found that the black schools were not equal, but the oder to equalize the facilities was ignored.
Another case is the Bolling v. C. Melvin Sharpe: 11 African American high school students were taken on a field trip to a new school for whites only. The students were not allowed to enter and were then ordered to return to their school. A suit was filed and the African Americans were successful!
the brown decision led to the modern Civil Rights Movement
Supreme Court ruled that Brown had won and that there would be desegregation
Segregation was declared unconstitutional
The challengers- NCAAP, lead lawyer: Marshall: first black supreme justice
MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE PLAINTIFF (for integration) (check Link 1)
List the major arguments of the plaintiffs
In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court misinterpreted the equal protection clause.
Equal protection of the laws did not allow racial segregation
the 14th amendment allowed the government to prohibit segregation in public schools
the 14th amendment did not specify wether the states were allowed to made segregated schools
Psychological testing showed the harmful effects of segregation on the minds of African American kids
MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE DEFENDANTS (for segregation) (check Link 1)
List the major arguments of the Defendants
The Constitution did not require white and African American Children to go to the same school
Segregation was a state decision
Segregation was not harmful to African Americans
Whites were making an effort to equalize the two systems, but since some blacks were still living with the effects of slavery, it would take some time before they were able to be competing and in the same classroom with whites.
THE CHANGE IN THE COURT (leading to a decision) (check**Link 1**)
What important change happened, and what was its impact?
The Supreme Court decided to hear the Brown case. There were many arguments about this case- many justices thought that they didn't have the authority to end school segretation and they worried that they wouldn't be able to enforce it. During the Supreme Court Case of Brown v. Board of Education, The Chief Justice Vinson died, so President Eisenhower appointed Warren as chief justice. Warren's leadership led to a unanimous decision to overturn Plessy, which changed the course of American history.
THE COURT DECISION (in your own words) (check**Link 1**and Link 2)
What did the Court decide?
The court decided that segregated public schools are unequal- Brown had won. The Supreme Court said that no one should be deprived the right of education and that the African Americans were. The Brown Decision declared segregation unconstitutional.
ENFORCING THE DECISION (discuss "with all deliberate speed) (Check Link 1) What was the Court's statement about the enforcement of the decision? What happened to the enforcement?
The court ordered that only the states end segregation "with all deliberate speed." This allowed segregationists the ability to build up resistance-they then made a campaign of resistance. Many white people thought that this decision was an attack on their way of life-they did not like the decision.
THE IMPACT and LEGACY(Check**Link 1**)
What is the overall importance and legacy of Brown v. Board?
This led to an American split over the issue of racial equality. The African American's freedom struggles spread across the country and the original case against segregated public schools became apart of a bigger/broader campaign for social justice. After fifty years, other people- like minorities, people with disabilities and women- were included in the Brown movement. Led to more desegregation in other places.
What would break the back of Jim Crow America? What role did education play in the movement to desgregate America?
Using the the links provided, analyze the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education. Cut and paste the information below into a new entry on your Unit 8 Online Notebook.
BASIC FACTS OF THE CASES (more than one) (check video, Link 1, Link 2, Link 3)
Make a bulleted list of the basic facts of the cases brought to the Supreme Court
MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE PLAINTIFF (for integration) (check Link 1)
List the major arguments of the plaintiffs
MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE DEFENDANTS (for segregation) (check Link 1)
List the major arguments of the Defendants
THE CHANGE IN THE COURT (leading to a decision) (check **Link 1**)
What important change happened, and what was its impact?
The Supreme Court decided to hear the Brown case. There were many arguments about this case- many justices thought that they didn't have the authority to end school segretation and they worried that they wouldn't be able to enforce it. During the Supreme Court Case of Brown v. Board of Education, The Chief Justice Vinson died, so President Eisenhower appointed Warren as chief justice. Warren's leadership led to a unanimous decision to overturn Plessy, which changed the course of American history.
THE COURT DECISION (in your own words) (check **Link 1** and Link 2)
What did the Court decide?
The court decided that segregated public schools are unequal- Brown had won. The Supreme Court said that no one should be deprived the right of education and that the African Americans were. The Brown Decision declared segregation unconstitutional.
ENFORCING THE DECISION (discuss "with all deliberate speed) (Check Link 1)
What was the Court's statement about the enforcement of the decision? What happened to the enforcement?
The court ordered that only the states end segregation "with all deliberate speed." This allowed segregationists the ability to build up resistance-they then made a campaign of resistance. Many white people thought that this decision was an attack on their way of life-they did not like the decision.
THE IMPACT and LEGACY (Check **Link 1**)
What is the overall importance and legacy of Brown v. Board?
This led to an American split over the issue of racial equality. The African American's freedom struggles spread across the country and the original case against segregated public schools became apart of a bigger/broader campaign for social justice. After fifty years, other people- like minorities, people with disabilities and women- were included in the Brown movement. Led to more desegregation in other places.